
And the men were kind of proving their masculinity against the police. For the Panthers, the people who were doing the basic work that I think of as valuable, which is the breakfast movement, feeding kids, the health clinics, that social welfare work. So women and men now are in a different place than women and men were in the United States in the 60s and early 70s. Access to higher education has made a big difference. And women’s power has made a big difference. We’re in the 21st century - we’re not even in the early 21st century. Like, “You could read in the 50s?”Īnyhow, I’m still here.

And I said, “Well, in the 50s I was reading books like Howard Fast’s “Freedom Road,” which is a very left-wing book,” and my students looked at me in shock. Because I grew up in California, so I didn’t grow up with the Klan. I remember once when I was teaching in North Carolina back in the 20th century - this was when the Klan was beating up people in Greensboro - my students asked me what I knew about the Klan.
